Гендерное общество
Шрифт:
15 Об IQ см.: Terman L., Oden M. The Promise ofYouth // Genetic Studies of Genius / Ed. L.Terman. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1935. О том, как девочек оценивают за внешность, а не за успехи, см.: Sadker M., Sadker D. Failing at Fairness. P. 55, 134. О принижении одаренных девочек см.: How Schools Shortchange Girls. P. 48; Кэролайн
Хейлбран цит. по: Orenstein P. Schoolgirls. P. 37.
16 Hostile Hallways: The AAUW Survey on Sexual Harassment in America's Schools. Washington, D.C.: American Association of University Women, 1993; Садлер цит. по: Sadker M., Sadker D. Failing at Fairness. P. 111.
17 Smolowe J. Sex with a Scorecard // Time. 1993. .'.pril 5. P. 41; Gross J. Where
18 Соммерс цит. по: Viadero D. Behind the Mask of Masculinity // Education Week. 1998. May 13; Томпсон цит. по: Combs M. What about the Boys? // Boston Globe. 1998. July 26; Koerner B. Wheri the Boys Aren't // U.S. News and World Report. 1999. February 8. P. 26. Подробнее об этой аргументации см.: Gurian M. The Wonder of Boys. New York: Jeremy Tarcher; Putnam, 1997. Несогласие с этой точкой зрения см. в рецензиях на книгу: Kimmel M. Boys to Men // San Francisco Chronicle. 1997. January 12; Idem. What about the Boys // Ms. 1999. October; Connell R.W.
Teaching the Boys // Teachers College Record. 1996. Vol. 98. № 2.
19 Gilligan C. In a Different Voice. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1982; Brown L.M., Gilligan C. Meeting at the Crossroads.
New York: Ballantine, 1992.
l5* 435
20 Поллак иит. по: Viadero D. Behind the Mask of Masculinity. См. также: Pollack W. Real Boys: Rescuing Our Sons from the Myths of Boyhood. New York: Random House, 1998.
21 Martino W. Masculinity and Learning: Exploring Boys' Underachievement and Under-representation in Subject English //Interpretation. 1994. Vol. 27. № 2; Idem. Boys and Literacy: Exploring the Construction of Hegemonic Masculinities and the Formation of Literate Capacities for Boys in the English Classroom // English in Australia.
1995. Vol. 112; Idem. Gendered Learning Experiences: Exploring the Costs of Hegemonic Masculinity for Girls and Boys in Schools // Gender Equity: A Framework for Australian Schools. Canberra: Publications and Public Communications, Department of Urban Services, ACT Government, 1997. Кэтрин Стимпсон иит. по: Lewin Т.
American Colleges Begin to Ask, Where Have All the Men Gone? // The New York Times. 1998. 6 December.
Martino W. Gendered Learning Experiences. P. 133—134.
7Я
Mac an Ghaill M. The Making of Men: Masculinities, Sexualities and Schooling. Buckinghamshire, England: Open University Press, 1994. P. 59; Gillborne D. Race, Ethnicity and Education. London: Unwin Hyman, 1990. P. 63; Coleman J. The Adolescent Society. New York: Harper and Row, 1961.
24 Цит. no: Kimmel M.S. The Struggle for Gender Equality: How Men Respond // Thought and Action: The NEA Higher Education Journal. 1993. Vol. 8. № 2.
Кеттел цит. по: O'Neit W. Divorce in the Progressive Era. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1967. P. 81; Chadwick F.E. The Woman Peril // Educational Review. 1914. February. P. 47 (цит.
26 United States Department of Education, 1996.
Riordan C. The Future of Single-Sex Schools // Separated by Sex: A Critical Look at Single-Sex Education for Girls.
Washington, D.C.: American Association of University Women Educational Foundation, 1998. P. 54.
28 Orenstein P. Schoolgirls. P. 27.
Tidball E. Perspective in Academic Women and Affirmative Action // Educational Record. 1973.
Epstein C.F. Deceptive Distinctions. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991.
Crosby F. et al. Taking Selectivity into Account, How Much Does Gender Composition Matter?: A Reanalysis of M.
E.Tidball's Research // National Women's Studies Association Journal. 1994. № 6; см. также: Epstein C.F. The Myths and Justifications of Sex Segregation in Higher Education: VMI and The Citadel // Duke Journal of Gender Law and Policy.
1997. № 4; Idem. Multiple Myths and Outcomes of Sex Segregation // New York Law School Journal of Human Rights.
1998. № 14.
Jencks C., Riesman D. The Academic Revolution. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1977. P. 298, 300; Riesman D. A Margin of Difference: The Case for Single-Sex Education // Social Roles and Social Institutions: Essays 436
in Honor of Rose Laub Coser / Eds. J.R.BIau, N.Goodman. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1991. Несмотря на свои
исследования, Д.Рисман поддерживал политику военных вузов.
Tavris C. The Mismeasure of Woman. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1992. P. 127; Priest R., Vitters A., Prince H. Coeducation at West Point // Armed Forces and Society. 1978. Vol. 4. № 4. P. 590.
4 Epstein C.F. Multiple Myths and Outcomes of Sex Segregation. P. 191.
Dewey J. Is Coeducation Injurious to Girls? // Ladies Home Journal. 1911. June 11. P. 60.
36 Higginson T.W. Sex and Education // The Woman's Journal. 1874. P. 1 (перепечатано в: History of Woman Suffrage: In 6
vols. / Eds. S.B.Anthony, E.C.Stanton. Rochester, N.Y.: National American Woman Suffrage Association Press, 1881-1922. Vol.
3).
37 IMI I. 766 Fed. Supp. P. 1435; VMI V. 116 S. St. 2264. См. также: Vojdik V.K. Girls' Schools after VMI: Do They Make the Grade? // Duke Journal of Gender Law and Policy. 1997. № 4. P. 85; Epstein C.F. Multiple Myths and Outcomes of Sex Segregation. P 108.
38 Faulkner v. Jones, 858 Fed. Supp. 552 1994; Citadel Defendants' Proposed Findings of Fact. P. 1434.
39 См.: Vojdik V.K. Girls' Schools after VMI. P. 76. (Как и всякий, кто начинал учиться в колледже для юношей, а
продолжал учебу в колледже смешанного обучения, я готов под присягой подтвердить, что мужчин в мужском классе
гораздо сильнее отвлекало отсутствие женщин, чем их присутствие в классе совместного обучения. Когда рядом нет
женщин, большинство молодых людей только о них и думают!)