Позитивные изменения. Том 2, № 2 (2022). Positive changes. Volume 2, Issue 2 (2022)
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Наиболее релевантным способом оценки социального воздействия могут быть социологические замеры, отмечает Борис Подольный.
«Напомню, что у процесса должен быть заказчик, а у заказчика стратегия, какой он хочет видеть страну через 20 лет. Замеряем показатели сегодняшнего дня. Затем через год, через два, через три, через пять, через 10 лет. Сделали выводы. И здесь принципиально важная история – не спешить с принятием каких-то стратегических, методологических и других документов. Потому что самое страшное, что можно делать в системах, близких к образовательным или педагогическим, – это их часто реформировать», – говорит Борис Подольный.
В настоящее время законопроект проходит общественную
Big Break Ahead: Vectors for the Development of the New Children's and Youth Movement
Yuliya Vyatkina
DOI 10.55140/2782-5817-2022-2-2-24-28
On May 19, 2022, on the centenary of the pioneer organization, a bill on the Russian children's and youth movement called the Big Break was introduced into the State Duma. According to the authors, if passed into law, the bill would form the grounds for a unified children and youth education policy, improve the social engagement of young people, build a continuous development path based on the traditional values of the Russian society. Our editors asked experts on how the new movement should be working and what needs to be taken into account to create agents and bearers of positive changes and leadership in the country.
Yuliya Vyatkina
Editor, Positive Changes
Magazine
According to expert estimates, about five percent of children are currently involved in the activities of children’s social organizations and movements. It is worth noting that the children’s and youth movement existed before the revolution. The Pioneer Organization was not the first children’s organization to emerge in Russia. The first pathfinder gathering was held in late April 1909 in the Pavlovsk Park near St. Petersburg. It was this event that gave the impetus for the emergence and development of the scout movement in Russia. By the way, there are currently six national scout organizations in the country.
According to Artem Metelev, chairman of the State Duma Committee on Youth Policy and chairman of the Council of the Association of Volunteer Centers, one of the bill authors, children’s organizations and projects "cover only a fraction of the 20 million children and adolescents".
"Many are unaware about the opportunities. Different schools have different approaches. Different conditions lead to unfairness. Young people have an intuitive desire to get united. Today’s young people want to take an active part in the public life of the country, a desire to become better, to develop. And we have to offer this opportunity. Offer it to everyone, whether the child lives in a big city or a village, goes to a rich school or a rural one, whether he or she is a leader or just trying to find himself or herself," Artem Metelev writes in his Telegram channel.
To accommodate the diversity of approaches and interests, the Big Break bill will be subject to widespread public debate. The children will always have the final say on the key issues.
The Big Break All-Russian Children’s and Youth Movement is planned to be established by the largest children’s organizations on an equal footing. Any organization can join the movement, and even adults can join as mentors. In addition, according to the initiative, President Putin will be invited to head the supervisory board.
In what format could the new children’s and youth movement be demanded and implemented in the best possible way? Experts say that there are two different approaches to working with children’s public organizations. The first (educational) approach involves pattern-based learning and a linear scheme: there is some knowledge, it must be learned and then checked how well it was learned. The second (youth) approach does not involve correct answers. Children can make mistakes, gain experience, analyze, see possibilities, find their own solutions.
"Next time, when a new opportunity comes along, they are already moving on to the next level of management because they have experience of previous mistakes. And this should be cycled. There is no cycle in education, the methodology is linear there. In youth work, there must be a process based on reflective thinking," says Dmitry Sergeyev, social technologist, educator, founder of 18 children’s organizations.
He believes the educational approach does not focus enough on reflection and the possibility of making mistakes. Therefore, there is a risk that each class will become a pioneer squad and there will be a single work plan for all. In addition, a special role in the children’s movement is given to the educator, but the problem is that no one trains them. An educator who works with children must know the history of the children’s movement, understand what project management is, how the public opinion is formed, and be able to work with parents.
"There’s going to be an event plan, and every event will be completed "without a hitch". This is what ruined both the Pioneer Organization and Komsomol in their time, because formally everything was great, but no one paid attention to any shortcomings or problems, and this is the road to nowhere," Dmitry Sergeyev says.
Boris Podolny, deputy head of the executive committee for regional work of the All-Russia People’s Front, notes that schools are increasingly losing their educational function for a variety of reasons. At the same time, it is the school that must ensure the harmonious development of the individual (as a person and as a member of society), if any youth movement is established by the state. For the new movement to take off, three conditions must be met: the will to finance, a clear academic framework (methodological and pedagogical), and the absence of coercion. In addition, it is worth considering the regional specifics.
"We have a very big country, and it’s very diverse. We often forget that. The logic of managing large systems suggests taking one model and applying it to the entire country. In reality, this doesn’t really work very well. The regions are too different, both in terms of living conditions and in terms of geography and scale. In my opinion, the