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153 W. Lloyd Warner, "An American Sacred Ceremony", in Russell E. Richey and Donald G. Jones, eds., American Civil Religion(New York: Harper Row, 1974), p. 89-113.

154 Peter Steinfels, "Beliefs: God at the Inauguration: An Encounter That Defies American Notions About Church and State", New York Times,23 January 1993, p. 7.

155 D. W. Brogan, The American Character(New York: Vintage, 1959), p. 164.

156 Bellah, Varieties of Civil Religion,p. 11-13; Cherry, "Two American Sacred Ceremonies", p. 749-50.

157 Isaiah Berlin, "Nationalism: Past Neglect and Present Power", Partisan Review,46 (No. 3,1979), p. 348, quoted in John Mack, "Nationalism and the Self", The Psychohistory Review,2 (Spring 1983), p. 47-48; Anthony D. Smith, National Identity(Reno: University of Nevada Press, 1991), p. 143; Wilbur Zelinsky, Nation into State: The Shifting Symbolic Foundations of American Nationalism(Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press 1988), p. 1.

158 Benjamin Franklin quoted in Max Savelle, "Nationalism and Other Loyalties in the American Revolution", American Historical Review,67 (July 1962), p. 903.

159 S. M. Grant, "'The Charter of Its Birthright': The Civil War and American Nationalism", Nations and Nationalism,4 (April 1998), p. 163.

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160 Richard L. Merritt, Symbols of American Community, 1735-1775(New Haven: Yale University Press, 1966), p. 174, 180.

161 John M. Murrin, "A Roof Without Walls: The Dilemma of American National Identity", in Richard Beeman, Stephen Botein, and Edward

С Carter II, eds., Beyond Confederation: Origins of the Constitution and American National Identity(Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1987), p. 339; Merritt, Symbols of American Community,p. 58.

162 Albert Harkness, Jr., "Americanism and Jenkins' Ear", Mississippi Valley Historical Review,37, (June 1950), p. 88; E. McClung Fleming, "Symbols of the United States: From Indian Queen to Uncle Sam", in Ray B. Browne, Richard H. Crowder, Virgil L. Lokke, and William T. Stafford, eds., Frontiers of American Culture(Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Studies, 1968), p. 4.

163 Merritt, Symbols of American Communityp. 56, 125, 144, Table 8-2.

164 Fisher Ames quoted in Daniel J. Boorstin, The Americans: The National Experience(New York: Random House, 1966), p. 403,416; Elbridge Gerry quoted in Max Farrand, ed., The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787: Proceedings,vol. 1 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1966), p. 552; Anders Stephanson, Manifest Destiny: American Expansion and the Empire of Right(New York: Hill Wang, 1995), p. 30; Henry Steele Commager, Jefferson, Nationalism, and the Enlightenment(New York: George Braziller, 1975), p. 162; John Marshall quoted in Paul Johnson, A History of the American People(New York: HarperCollins, 1997), p. 423; John Calhoun, Letter to Oliver Dyer, 1 January 1849; John Bodnar, Remaking America: Public Memory, Commemoration, and Patriotism in the Twentieth Century(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992), p. 21ff; Zelinsky, Nation into State,p. 218.

165 Commager, Jefferson, Nationalism, and the Enlightenment,p. 159.

166 Seymour Martin Lipset, The First New Nation: The United States in Historical and Comparative Perspective(New York: Norton, 1979), p. 18ff.

167 Zelinsky, Nation into State,p. 218.

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168 Boorstin, The Americans,p. 362-65.

169 Ibid., p. 370, 373, 367.

170 Bodnar, Remaking America,p. 21, 26; Stuart McConnell, "Reading the Flag: A Reconsideration of the Patriotic Cults of the 1890's", in John Bodnar, ed., Bonds of Affection: Americans Define Their Patriotism(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996), p. 107; Lyn Spillman, Nation and Commemoration: Creating National Identities in the United States and Australia(New York: Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge, 1997), p. 24; Zelinsky, Nation into State, p. 218-19.

171 Abraham Lincoln, "The Perpetuation of our Political Institutions", speech, 27 January 1837, Springfield, IL, in The Speeches of Abraham Lincoln(New York: Chesterfield Society, 1908), p. 9-10.

172 Merle Curti, The Roots of American Loyalty(New York: Columbia University Press, 1946), p. 169-170.

173 Boorstin, The Americansp. 402; Gaines M. Foster, "A Christian Nation: Signs of a Covenant", in Bodnar, ed., Bonds of Affection,p. 123; Spillman, Nation and Commemoration,

p. 24-25.

174 Morton Keller, Affairs of State: Public Life in Late Nineteenth Century America(Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1977), p. 39; Willard Saulsbury quoted in Keller, Affairs of State,p. 69.

175 John Higham, Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism, 1860-1925(New Brunswick, N. J.: Rutgers University Press, 1988), p. 344.

176 Robert D. Putnam, Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community(New York: Simon Schuster, 2000), p. 384ff, citing Theda Skocpol, "How Americans Became Civic", in Theda Skocpol and Morris P. Fiorina, eds., Civic Engagement in American Democracy(Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 1999).

177 Cecilia Elizabeth O'Leary, To Die For: The Paradox of American Patriotism(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999), p. 49.

178 Zelinsky, Nation into State,p. 105-106, 106; McConnell, "Reading the Flag", p. 113.

179 Higham, Strangers in the Land,p. 75-76.

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180 Cecilia Elizabeth O'Leary, '"Blood Brotherhood: ' The Racialization of Patriotism, 1865-1918", in Bodnar, ed., Bonds of Affection,p. 54, 73, 75-76; Curti, The Roots of American Loyalty,p. 192.

181 O'Leary, "'Blood Brotherhood,'" in Bodnar, ed., Bonds of Affection,p. 57-58, 64; Higham, Strangers in the Land,p. 170-71.

182 Zelinsky, Nation into State,p. 144, citing Boyd

С Shafer, Faces of Nationalism: New Realities and Old Myths(New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1972), p. 203; O'Leary, "'Blood Brotherhood,'" p. 65, citing Bessie Louise Pierce, Public Opinion and the Teaching of History in the United State(New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1926), p. 13-16.